Embargoul american asupra Cubei împlinește 50 de ani

În urmă cu 50 de ani, președințele american John F. Kennedy semna ordinul prin care era instituit embargoul asupra Cubei lui Castro. Decizia a intrat în vigoare pe 7 februarie. De atunci, pe la Casa Albă au mai trecut 10 președinți, dintre care cinci au murit, iar omunismul sino-sovietic menționat în ordinul lui Kennedy nu mai există.

Embargoul a fost condamnat la ONU în nenumărate rânduri. Ultima oară când problema a fost supusă la vot, doar Israelul a sprijinit poziția americană. În rapoartele cunoscutului institut american Freedom House, Cuba nu a primit niciodată un alt calificativ în afară de not free.

Deși administrația Obama a reînnoit embargoul în fiecare an, au mai fost făcute câteva schimbări minore privind facilitarea călătoriilor și restricțiile de investiții. Sprijinul pentru embargo scade pe zi ce trece, dar atâta vreme cât frații Castro trăiesc, nu se prea poate vorbi de beneficii politice ale ridicării embargoului ce datează din era Kennedy.

Whereasthe Eighth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Serving as Organ of Consultation in Application of the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, in its Final Act resolved that the present Government of Cuba is incompatible with the principles and objectives of the Inter-American system;and, in light of the subversive offensive of Sino-Soviet Communism with which the Government of Cuba is publicly aligned, urged the member states to take those steps that they may consider appropriate for their individual and collective self-defense;

Whereasthe Congress of the United States, in section 620(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (75 Stat. 445), as amended, has authorized the President to establish and maintain an embargo upon all trade between the United States and Cuba;and

Whereasthe United States, in accordance with its international obligations, is prepared to take all necessary actions to promote national and hemispheric security by isolating the present Government of Cuba and thereby reducing the threat posed by its alignment with the communist powers:

Now, Therefore, I, John F. Kennedy, President of the United States of America, acting under the authority of section 620(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (75 Stat. 445), as amended, do

1. Hereby proclaim an embargo upon trade between the United States and Cuba in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 of this proclamation.

2. Hereby prohibit, effective 12:01 A.M., Eastern Standard Time, February 7, 1962, the importation into the United States of all goods of Cuban origin and all goods imported from or through Cuba;and I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of the Treasury to carry out such prohibition, to make such exceptions thereto, by license or otherwise, as he determines to be consistent with the effective operation of the embargo hereby proclaimed, and to promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to perform such functions.

3. AND FURTHER, I do hereby direct the Secretary of Commerce, under the provisions of the Export Control Act of 1949, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2021-2032), to continue to carry out the prohibition of all exports from the United States to Cuba, and I hereby authorize him, under that Act, to continue, make, modify, or revoke exceptions from such prohibition.

In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States of America to be affixed.

DONE at the City of Washington this third day of February, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and sixty-two, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and eighty-sixth.

JOHN F. KENNEDY

By the President:Dean Rusk, Secretary of State

Sursa:http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/